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← Back to catalog Stage 1 · Lesson 4 · Alveolar Initials d t n l

舌尖中音 d t n l 特训

Lesson guide

  • d t n l
  • Aspiration & n/l
  • Spell common syllables

Not in this lesson: 先慢读,再加速;不要求一次拼读全部音节。

Common pitfalls

n 是鼻音(捏鼻试读);l 是边音——ná 拿 vs lā 拉 要分清。

Mini spelling drill

先点 🔊 听标准音,再跟读 3 遍;注意声调是否一样。

Checkpoint · d t n l (L4)

检测第 3–4 课:送气对比、n/l 区分、本课听辨。

声母 d t n l 发音要领 点开看要领 · 像开宝箱

Key rule: d / t / n / l 都是舌尖中音:舌尖抵上齿龈。d 与 t 的区别仍是送气强弱;n 是鼻音,l 是边音。

舌尖塞音

d — 不送气清塞音

舌尖抵上齿龈,阻塞气流后突然放开,气流轻微。

Mnemonic: 得得得得 d d d

🇰🇭 类似高棉语 ដ,但中文更清、更轻。

t — 送气清塞音

口型同 d,张口时强气流喷出(纸张明显动)。

Mnemonic: 特特特特 t t t

🇰🇭 类似高棉语 ថ。

鼻音与边音

n — 舌尖鼻音

舌尖抵上齿龈,气流从鼻腔出,声带振动。

Mnemonic: 讷讷讷讷 n n n

🇰🇭 类似高棉语 ន。

l — 舌尖边音

舌尖抵上齿龈,气流从舌两侧流出。

Mnemonic: 勒勒勒勒 l l l

🇰🇭 类似高棉语 ល。注意:不是鼻音。

送气对比:dā vs tā

dā 纸张几乎不动;tā 纸张明显吹起。

  1. 薄纸挡嘴前约 5 cm。
  2. 发 dā → 纸不动。
  3. 发 tā → 纸飞起。

Cambodian learner tips

n / l 分不清

捏鼻试发:能发清楚的是 l;发不出或发闷的是 n。练对比:ná 拿 — lā 拉,nǐ 你 — lǐ 里。

d 发得太浊、太重

中文 d 是清音不送气,放松喉咙,舌尖轻弹即可。

Spelling reminders

  • d t n l 可与多数单韵母相拼。
  • 本课重点练:da/ta/na/la,di/ti/ni/li,du/tu/nu/lu。

Basic initial+final grid

Initial+ a+ o+ i+ u
d da de di du
t ta te ti tu
n na ne ni nu
l la le li lu

High-frequency words

CharacterPinyinToneMeaning朗读焦点
四声 ធំ d 不送气
一声 គាត់ t 送气
三声 អ្នក 鼻音 n
lái 二声 មក 边音 l

Pinyin practice

Initials

Top: Mandarin pinyin · Orange below: similar Khmer pronunciation

d.តឺ
t.ថឺ
n.នឺ
l.ឡឺ

This lesson’s syllables

Each block: initial + final = syllable. Listen, then repeat.

Initial d

d + é =
d + ā =
d + ī =
d + ū =
d + āi = dāi
d + āng = dāng

Initial t

t + ù =
t + ā =
t + è =
t + ī =
t + āi = tāi
t + āng = tāng

Initial n

n + á =
n + í =
n + ǚ =
n + = niū
n + ūn = nūn
n + ǎi = nǎi

Initial l

l + ú =
l + ín = lín
l + ā =
l + ē =
l + ǘ =
l + āo = lāo

Review earlier lessons

Focus on the previous lesson, plus a rotating sample from earlier ones.

Review · Initial b

b + ù =
b + ǐ =
b + ā =

Review · Initial p

p + à =
p + ī =
p + ó =

Review · Initial m

m + ī =
m + ā =
m + ō =

Review · Initial f

f + à =
f + àng = fàng
f + ū =

Review · Final a

ch + ā = chā
w + á =
n + á =

Review · Final o

m + ō =
b + ō =
p + ó =

Review · Final e

d + é =
sh + é = shé
h + é =

Review · Final i

q + ì =
b + ǐ =
n + í =

Review · Final u

l + ú =
g + ǔ =
b + ù =

Review · Final ü

On a keyboard, ü is often typed as v (üe→ve, ün→vn). After j/q/x/y, write ju/qu/xu/yu (dots omitted) but still say ü (e.g. x + üe → xue). After n/l, keep the dots: nü, lü — never nu, lu.

j + ǖ = =
x + ǚ = =
q + ǜ = =

Listening quiz game

🎮

Listen and tap the matching character or pinyin. 50 correct to pass, 5 wrong to fail.

L4 · Alveolar Initials d t n l

Start quiz

Task · Homework

Submitted 0 time(s) · To do

This lesson's initials: d t n l. Practice writing each initial carefully in your notebook (write each 5 times). When finished, take a photo and upload it. Try to complete one lesson each day. Your teacher will review your writing, point out mistakes, and share suggestions.

initials :d · t · n · l · Write each 5 times

Just upload your writing photo. Your teacher will reply with notes and images.

Quiz

First question is listening (pick the same sound). Then text questions.

Listening (random)

请听「你 nǐ」,捏住鼻子再试读——能发清的是?

题目
Listening (random)

Listen and choose the same initial

题目

怎么做:① 先点上面「听我读」→ ② 再点下面每个选项的「听我读」→ ③ 选出声音相同的那一项。

听我读
听我读
听我读
听我读

d 和 t 最本质的区别是?

区分 n 和 l 的简便方法是?

下列哪一个单韵母【不能】与 d、t、n、l 直接拼读?

Checkpoint

d 和 t 最本质的区别是?

Checkpoint

区分 n 和 l 的简便方法是?

Checkpoint

请听音频,选出听到的词语拼音(大)。

题目
Checkpoint

请听音频,选出正确的首字母声母(他)。

题目
Checkpoint

下列哪一个单韵母【不能】与 d、t、n、l 直接拼读?